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Moussier's redstart
The Moussier's redstart (''Phoenicurus moussieri'') is a small passerine bird in the genus ''Phoenicurus'' (redstarts), formerly classed as a member of the thrush family (Turdidae), but is now classified as an Old World flycatcher (Muscicapidae). It is an endemic resident breeder in the Atlas Mountains of northwest Africa. Its habitat is open woodland in rocky areas from sea level up to 3000 m altitude in the mountains.
It is the smallest redstart, only 12 cm long and 14–15 g weight. The male has a black head with a broad white stripe running above each eye and down the side of the neck. The upperparts are black other than a white wing patch, and the rich chestnut tail, from which it and other redstarts get their names (''start'' is an old word for ''tail''). The underparts are a rich orange-red. The female has a pale brown head and upperparts, and the underparts are a paler orange than the male, although generally redder than the underparts of the similar but larger female common redstart. It is named after Jean Moussier (1795–1850) who was an amateur naturalist and a surgeon in the French Army during the Napoleonic Wars.
==Behaviour==
The male's song is a mixture of rasping sounds and ''svee-svee'' notes. The call is a plaintive single note, ''wheet''. It is primarily insectivorous, often feeding like a flycatcher, making aerial sallies after passing insects, but also picking and even digging insects out of the ground; more rarely, it will eat small berries. Its nest is built in a bush or on the ground and the clutch is typically 3-6 eggs.〔
Although largely resident, some show limited migratory behaviour, particularly altitudinal migration by those breeding at high altitudes moving to lower levels in winter.〔 Vagrants have reached north to Great Britain (Dinas Head, Pembrokeshire; April 1988〔Dudley, S. P. et al. (2006). The British List: A Checklist of Birds of Britain (7th edition). ''Ibis'' 148: 526–563. (Full text )〕), east to Greece,〔 and south to Mauretania.〔Salewski, V., Schmaljohann, H., & Herremans, M. (2005). New bird records from Mauritania. ''Malimbus'' 27: 13-18. (Abstract. )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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